Afroasiatic etymology : Query result

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʔayw-

Meaning: be old

Notes: Another possibility should be considered if Eg -ꜣ- goes back to *r. In this case, comparison with CCh *ʔir- 'old' (Mw iʔiri, Bch ʔiyrey and the like) leads to the reconstruction of Afras *ʔir- 'be old'.

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʔaǯ-

Meaning: sun

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Western Chadic: Bolewa ǯä-ǹǯa 'star'

Central Chadic: *ʔaǯ-

Low East Cushitic: *ʔaʒ- 'sun'

Dahalo (Sanye): ʔad_o 'sun'

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʔaǯ- (?)

Meaning: be sad, angry

Semitic: *ʔad_ay- 'be sad'

Western Chadic: *ʔaǯ- 'be angry'

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʔaǯV(n)g(ʷ)-Vm-

Meaning: elephant/hippopotamus

Egyptian: zʔg- 'fabulous animal' (?)

Western Chadic: (Ha)ǯi(n)gʷ-Vm- 'hippopotamus'

Mogogodo (Yaaku): *sogomVy 'elephant' (<*ǯVgVm-Vy?)

Omotic: *(H)azagVy- (*-z- may render *-ǯ-) 'hippopotamus'

Notes: Cf. Bla. Eleph., 204: NOm., NBauchi and, with a question mark, CCh. (Gidar and Lame) which may not belong here. The Anlaut *ʔ- is proposed on a very tentative basis: in Ngizim, acc. to Stolb., 1996, 74 *h- and *ʔ- may render 0, while in Yaaku, acc. to Bla. CL., 2, only *ʔ yields 0. Cf. HSED 2658: WCh *ǯun-H- 'rhinoceros' (in North Bauchi: acc. to Skin NB 26, all the forms quoted in HSED mean 'hippopotamus'); CCh *čuwan- ("irregulat *č-") 'elephant', ECh *ǯun- id.; Afaw *ǯihun- id.

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʔhVĉun-

Meaning: be hard

Semitic: *h_Vŝun- 'be hard'

Central Chadic: *ŝyan-H- 'hardness'

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʔiʕal-

Meaning: snake

Egyptian: ỉʕr.t 'snake on Re's forehead'

Central Chadic: *Hwal- 'snake'

East Chadic: *ʔiHal- 'snake'

Notes: Scarce data. An unusual combination of -ʔ- and -ʕ- in one root

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʔib-

Meaning: thirst

Egyptian: ỉb.t (pyr) 'thirst'

Western Chadic: *yib- < *ʔib- 'thirst'

East Chadic: *ʔib-in- 'thirst'

Beḍauye (Beja): yawa, yiwai

Notes: Cf. Arab ʔbb [-u-] 'desire'?

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʔibad-

Meaning: lose, be lost

Semitic: *ʔVbVd- 'lose, be lost'

Central Chadic: *bidVH- 'be lost'

Saho-Afar: *bad- 'perish, be extinguished'

Low East Cushitic: *bad- 'be lost'

Warazi (Dullay): *pat- 'get lost, disappear'

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʔibaḫ-

Meaning: insect

Semitic: *ʔibḫ- 'kind of bug'

Berber: *baḫ- 'insect'

East Chadic: *bag- 'locust' 1, 'criquet' 2

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʔiban-

Meaning: sleep

Egyptian: ỉbꜣn (pyr) 'sleep'

Central Chadic: *HVbyan- 'dream'

Notes: Since HS *ʔeben- is hardly possible from the point of view of the vowel pattern, *ʔiben- remains the only tenable reconstruction

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʔic- (?)

Meaning: tooth

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Western Chadic: *ḥa-/wu-ʔic- 'tooth'

Low East Cushitic: DAS īso 'lower jaw'

High East Cushitic: *ʔis- 'tooth'

Notes: Scarce data. Phonetically problematic.

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʔicay- (?)

Meaning: be sad, be bad

Semitic: *ʔVsay- 'be sad'

East Chadic: *ʔisVy- 'bad'

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʔigan-

Meaning: vessel

Semitic: *ʔigān- 'cup, bowl'

Low East Cushitic: *ʔagan-/*gaHan- 'jar'

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʔigar- ~ *ga/iʔur-

Meaning: wall, house, dwelling

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Semitic: *ʔigār- 'wall' 1, 'roof' 2 ~ *gʷar- 'back of the house'

Berber: *gVrur- 'enclosure'1, 'wall'2, 'place, yard' 3

Egyptian: d_rw 'part of house' (MK), d_ry 'wall', d_ry.t 'dwelling' (gr)

Western Chadic: *gar- 'village, town' 1, 'stone wall' 2, 'town-wall' 3, 'low wall or mount' 4, 'corn bin' 5

Central Chadic: *gaHur- 'enclosure' 1, 'shed' 2, 'corral' 3

East Chadic: *giHVr- 'hut' 1, ' house' 2, 'compound' 3, 'village' 4, 'dwelling place' 5

Beḍauye (Beja): gaʔra, gaarʔa 'yard'

Low East Cushitic: *guʔur- 'house' 1, 'wall' 2

High East Cushitic: *goʔr- 'shed'

South Cushitic: *garVʔ- 'wall of the verandah'

Omotic: *gVHol- 'house' - cf.

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʔiḫ-

Meaning: thing

Egyptian: ỉḫ.t (pyr) 'thing'

Western Chadic: *ʔyaH 'thing'

Central Chadic: *ʔyaH- 'thing'

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʔikoy-

Meaning: hold, seize

Egyptian: ỉt_y (pyr) 'take, catch, grasp'

Western Chadic: *kway- < *HVkway 'hold' 1, 'grasp' 2, 'catch' 3

Central Chadic: *kaʔV- 'catch' 1, 'hold' 2

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʔi/uǯn- ~ ʔi/udn-

Meaning: ear

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Semitic: *ʔud_(V)n- 'ear'

Egyptian: *ʔidn 'ear'

East Chadic: *ʔudu/in- 'ear' (?)

Central Cushitic (Agaw): *waǯ- 'hear'

Omotic: *waǯ- 'ear' 1, 'hear' 2

Notes: Cf. HSED, 126 *ʔudun-/*ʔuǯun- (Sem.; Eg. with the comment ʔi- palatalized from *ʔ- under the influence of *-u-; EChad.). The Eg. ʔi- may render *ʔi-: cf. ʔi-, not ʔu-, in part of Sem. (Syr. and MSA), and both possibilities in NEth.

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʔil-

Meaning: eye

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Berber: *wall- 'eye' 1, 'eyes' 2

Central Chadic: *Hyal- 'eye'

Beḍauye (Beja): líli 'eye'

Central Cushitic (Agaw): *ʕil- 'eye'

Low East Cushitic: *ʔil- 'eye'

High East Cushitic: *Hill- 'eye'

South Cushitic: *ʔil- 'eye'

Dahalo (Sanye): ʔila 'eye'

Mogogodo (Yaaku): ila 'eyes'

Notes: *ʕ- in Agaw, reconstructed relying on Bilin, may probably be explained by contamination with Afras. *ʕayn- 'eye'. Cf. *ʔilal- 'see, look' (1465), with the same reflexation of *ʔ- as ʕ- in Bilin.

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʔil-

Meaning: bring

Egyptian: ỉny (pyr) 'bring'

Western Chadic: *ʔal-/*ʔil- 'bring'

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʔil-

Meaning: swear; oath

Semitic: *ʔVl- 'swear'

South Cushitic: *loʔ- 'oath' (met.)

Dahalo (Sanye): ʔilo 'oath'